R and RStudio

R is an open-source programming language and software environment widely used for statistical computing, data analysis, and visualization. It offers a rich ecosystem of packages for specialized methods across disciplines, making it highly flexible for both research and applied work. RStudio is a popular integrated development environment (IDE) for R that provides an intuitive interface with features such as a script editor, data viewer, package manager, and integrated visualization tools. Together, R and RStudio form a powerful, user-friendly platform for data-driven research, ranging from basic statistics to advanced machine learning and reproducible workflows.