Even Lange

Har publisert bøker og artikler om industriutvikling, bank- og finanshistorie og økonomisk politikk på 1900-tallet. Medredaktør for Aschehougs Norgeshistorie, og forfatter av bind 11, Samling om felles mål, som omhandler perioden 1935-1970.

• Ekberg, Espen; Lange, Even & Nybø, Andreas (2015). Maritime entrepreneurs and policy-makers: a historical approach to contemporary economic globalization. Journal of Global History. ISSN 1740-0228. 10(1), p. 171–193. doi: 10.1017/S1740022814000333. Full text in Research Archive
• Ekberg, Espen & Lange, Even (2013). Business history and economic globalisation. Business History. ISSN 0007-6791. 56(1), p. 101–115. doi: 10.1080/00076791.2013.818418. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Recent reviewers of the current state and future direction of business history have complained that, despite the growth of business history as a distinct academic discipline in recent decades, the field has tended to become side-lined in a number of debates which traditionally have been of major concern to business and economic historians. The paper discusses this issue by focusing on one of the major fields of research among economic historians and social scientists in recent years, namely the history of economic globalisation, and specifically the spectacular growth in international trade characterising the process. The history of economic globalisation and the causes of international trade growth has been a flourishing field of research in recent years, but business historians have not managed to make their mark on the major debates. We argue that one way of altering this situation would be to reinvigorate the old established link between business history and maritime history. We present two case studies showing how maritime firms played essential roles in putting in place vital organisational, technological and institutional preconditions for international trade growth. On this basis we argue that business historians of maritime firms are uniquely placed to understand the inner workings of the economic globalisation process and provide explanatory content to the macro oriented analysis dominating the existing literature.

• Tenold, Stig; Iversen, Martin Jes & Lange, Even (2012). Global shipping in small nations : Nordic experiences after 1960. In Tenold, Stig; Iversen, Martin Jes & Lange, Even (Ed.), Global shipping in small nations: Nordic experiences after 1960. Palgrave Macmillan. ISSN 9780230294547. p. 1–25. doi: 10.1057/9780230363526_1. Full text in Research Archive
• Ekberg, Espen; Lange, Even & Merok, Eivind (2012). Building the networks of trade: Perspectives on twentieth century maritime history. In Harlaftis, Gelina; Tenold, Stig & Valdaliso, Jesus M (Ed.), The World's Key Industry - History and Economics of International Shipping. Palgrave Macmillan. ISSN 9780230369146. p. 88–105. doi: 10.1057/9781137003751_6. Full text in Research Archive
• Østerud, Øyvind; Lange, Even & Pharo, Helge (2009). Utenrikspolitikken etter den kalde krigen. In Lange, Even; Pharo, Helge & Østerud, Øyvind (Ed.), Vendepunkter i norsk utenrikspolitikk. Nye internasjonale vilkår etter den kalde krigen. Unipub forlag. ISSN 9788274773608. p. 7–26. Full text in Research Archive
• Gulbrandsen, Trygve Jens & Lange, Even (2009). The Survival of Family Dynasties in Shipping. International Journal of Maritime History. ISSN 0843-8714. XXI(1), p. 175–200. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even & Pharo, Helge (2008). Have your Cake and Eat it too. National Policy and Private Interest in a Small Open Economy: The Case of Norway. In Müller, Margit & Myllyntaus, Timo (Ed.), Pathbreakers. Small European Countries Responding to Globalisation and Deglobalisation. Peter Lang Publishing Group. ISSN 9783039112142. p. 151–174. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even (2006). En landsomfattende bevegelse. In Lange, Even (Eds.), Organisert kjøpekraft. Forbrukersamvirkets historie i Norge. Pax Forlag. ISSN 9788253029269. p. 88–124. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even (2006). Turbulens og sammenslutning. In Lange, Even (Eds.), Organisert kjøpekraft. Forbrukersamvirkets historie i Norge. Pax Forlag. ISSN 9788253029269. p. 57–87. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even & Merok, Eivind (2006). Inn i Arbeiderparti-staten. In Lange, Even (Eds.), Organisert kjøpekraft. Forbrukersamvirkets historie i Norge. Pax Forlag. ISSN 9788253029269. p. 266–293. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even & Merok, Eivind (2006). Mot en industrialisert varehandel. In Lange, Even (Eds.), Organisert kjøpekraft. Forbrukersamvirkets historie i Norge. Pax Forlag. ISSN 9788253029269. p. 294–323. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even & Merok, Eivind (2006). Et nytt forbrukersamfunn. In Lange, Even (Eds.), Organisert kjøpekraft. Forbrukersamvirkets historie i Norge. Pax Forlag. ISSN 9788253029269. p. 352–3378. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even & Merok, Eivind (2006). Ekspansjon og samordning. In Lange, Even (Eds.), Organisert kjøpekraft. Forbrukersamvirkets historie i Norge. Pax Forlag. ISSN 9788253029269. p. 127–162. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even & Merok, Eivind (2006). Fra en tredje sektor til kooperativ merkevarebygging. In Lange, Even (Eds.), Organisert kjøpekraft. Forbrukersamvirkets historie i Norge. Pax Forlag. ISSN 9788253029269. p. 324–351. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even & Merok, Eivind (2006). Uavhengighet på prøve. In Lange, Even (Eds.), Organisert kjøpekraft. Forbrukersamvirkets historie i Norge. Pax Forlag. ISSN 9788253029269. p. 215–241. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even & Merok, Eivind (2006). God gammel økonomisk historie. In Engelstad, Fredrik; Lange, Even; Pharo, Helge & Rudeng, Erik (Ed.), Demokratisk konservatisme. Pax Forlag. ISSN 9788253029092. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even (2006). Innledning: Forbrukere i forening. In Lange, Even (Eds.), Organisert kjøpekraft. Forbrukersamvirkets historie i Norge. Pax Forlag. ISSN 9788253029269. p. 15–19. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even (2006). Nye forbrukere organiserer seg. In Lange, Even (Eds.), Organisert kjøpekraft. Forbrukersamvirkets historie i Norge. Pax Forlag. ISSN 9788253029269. p. 23–56. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even; Ekberg, Espen & Merok, Eivind (2006). Vekst og forbrukerpolitisk radikalisering. In Lange, Even (Eds.), Organisert kjøpekraft. Forbrukersamvirkets historie i Norge. Pax Forlag. ISSN 9788253029269. p. 379–411. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even (2006). Tilpasningsdyktighet og egenart. In Lange, Even (Eds.), Organisert kjøpekraft. Forbrukersamvirkets historie i Norge. Pax Forlag. ISSN 9788253029269. p. 609–620. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even (2003). Norwegian Economic History in the Last Quarter of the Twentieth Centuryt . Scandinavian Economic History Review 2002;50(3):57-68. Scandinavian Economic History Review. ISSN 0358-5522. 50(3), p. 57–68. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even (2002). Growth and Adaptation - Norwegian Economic History in the Last Quarter of the Twentieth Centuryt. Scandinavian Economic History Review. ISSN 0358-5522. 50(3), p. 57–68. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even (2000). Forbrukersamvirket og behovet for egen historie, Kunne ikke finne tidsskrift Johnstad,. Föreningen Kooperativa Studier (med Terje Kili). Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even & Rudeng, Erik (1999). Regimeforståelse med slagside, Kunnskapsregimer. Pax Forlag. Full text in Research Archive
• Midttun, Atle; Glimstedt, Henrik & Lange, Even (1998). Liberalisering av europeiske elektrisitetsmarkeder: Stiavhengig industriell rekonfigurering, Globalisering - drivkrefter og konsekvenser. Fagbokforlaget. Full text in Research Archive
• Eliassen, Kjell A.; Monsen, Catherine Børve; Glimstedt, Henrik & Lange, Even (1998). Regional integrasjon - mangfoldige mønstre, Globalisering - drivkrefter og konsekvenser - BI årbok 1998. Fagbokforlaget. Full text in Research Archive
• Reve, Torger; Glimstedt, Henrik & Lange, Even (1998). Internasjonaliseringsstrategi i inorsk næringsliv, Globalisering - drivkrefter og konsekvenser. Fagbokforlaget. Full text in Research Archive
• Haanæs, Knut; Glimstedt, Henrik & Lange, Even (1998). Hvorfor internasjonaliserer bedrifter? Globalisering - drivkrefter og konsekvenser. BI årbok 1998. Fagbokforlaget. Full text in Research Archive
• Groth, Brian I.; Glimstedt, Henrik & Lange, Even (1998). Globalisering av faget forhandlinger, Globalisering - drivkrefter og konsekvenser. BI årbok 1998. Fagbokforlaget. Full text in Research Archive
• Solberg, Carl A.; Glimstedt, Henrik & Lange, Even (1998). Utfordringer i globale markeder: Fra lokale småkonger til globale føderasjoner, Globalisering - drivkrefter og konsekvenser. Fagbokforlaget. Full text in Research Archive
• Rinde, Harald; Glimstedt, Henrik & Lange, Even (1998). Multinasjonale foretak i aluminiumsindustrien, Globalisering: drivkrefter og konsekvenser. BI årbok 1998. Fagbokforlaget. Full text in Research Archive
• Hansen, Svein Olav; Glimstedt, Henrik & Lange, Even (1998). Globalisering i treforedling. En nordisk utfordring, BI årbok 1998: Globalisering - drivkrefter og konsekvenser. Fagbokforlaget. Full text in Research Archive
• Knutsen, Sverre; Glimstedt, Henrik & Lange, Even (1998). Kreditkassen og internasjonaliseringen av norske banker, Globalisering - drivkrefter og konsekvenser. BI årbok 1998. Fagbokforlaget. Full text in Research Archive
• Krag, Claus; Helle, Knut; Kjeldstadli, Knut; Lange, Even & Sogner, Sølvi (1995). Vikingtid og rikssamling : 800-1130, Aschehougs norgeshistorie. Aschehoug & Co. Full text in Research Archive

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• Tenold, Stig; Iversen, Martin Jes & Lange, Even (2012). Global shipping in small nations: Nordic experiences after 1960. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9780230294547. 237 p. Full text in Research Archive
• Fischer, Lewis Ross & Lange, Even (2011). New directions in Norwegian maritime history. International Maritime Economic History Association. ISBN 9780986497360. 279 p. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even & Fischer, Lewis Ross (2008). International Merchant Shipping in the 19th and 20th Centuries. The Comparative Dimension. International Maritime Economic History Association. ISBN 9780973893472. 186 p. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even; Cottrell, Philip L. & Olsson, Ulf (2007). Centres and Pheripheries in Banking. The Historical Development of Financial Markets. Ashgate. ISBN 9780754661214. 336 p. Full text in Research Archive
• Engelstad, Fredrik; Lange, Even; Pharo, Helge & Rudeng, Erik (2006). Demokratisk konservatisme. Pax Forlag. ISBN 9788253029092. 519 p. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even (2006). Organisert kjøpekraft. Forbrukersamvirkets historie i Norge. Pax Forlag. ISBN 9788253029269. 681 p. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even & Theien, Iselin (2004). Affluence and Activism. Organised Consumers in the Post-War Era. Unipub forlag. ISBN 9788274771864. 104 p. Full text in Research Archive
• Theien, Iselin & Lange, Even (2004). Affluence and Activism. Organised Consumers in the Post-War Era. Unipub forlag. 104 p. Full text in Research Archive
• Glimstedt, Henrik & Lange, Even (1998). Globalisering - drivkrefter og konsekvenser - BI årbok 1998. Fagbokforlaget. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even (1998). Samling om felles mål - 1935-1970. Aschehoug & Co. Full text in Research Archive
• Knutsen, Sverre; Nordvik, Helge W. & Lange, Even (1998). Mellom næringsliv og politikk. Kreditkassen i vekst og kriser 1918- 1998. Universitetsforlaget. Full text in Research Archive
• Knutsen, Sverre Richard; Lange, Even & Nordvik, Helge W. (1998). Mellom næringsliv og politikk. Kredittkassen i vekst og kriser 1918-1998. Universitetsforlaget. ISBN 9788200128458. 494 p. Full text in Research Archive
• Bergh, Trond & Lange, Even (1989). Foredlet virke. Historien om Borregaard 1889-1989. Gyldendal Akademisk. ISBN 9788241700187. 312 p. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even (1989). Teknologi i virksomhet. Verkstedindustri i Norge etter 1840. Gyldendal Akademisk. ISBN 9788241700088. -1 p. Full text in Research Archive
• Hanisch, Tore Jørgen & Lange, Even (1986). Veien til velstand. Industriens utvikling i Norge gjennom 50 år. Universitetsforlaget. ISBN 9788200181453. 190 p. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even (1985). Fra Linderud til Eidsvold Værk IV. Treforedlingens epoke 1895-1970. Dreyer Forlag A/S. ISBN 9788209103081. 316 p. Full text in Research Archive
• Hanisch, Tore Jørgen & Lange, Even (1985). Vitenskap for industrien. Universitetsforlaget. ISBN 9788200075073. 336 p. Full text in Research Archive
• Bergh, Trond; Hanisch, Tore Jørgen; Lange, Even & Pharo, Helge (1983). Norge fra U-land til I-land. Vekst og utvikllinglinjer 1830-1980. Gyldendal Norsk Forlag A/S. ISBN 9788205141001. 254 p. Full text in Research Archive

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• Danielsen, Helge & Lange, Even (2012). "Humor ikke hennes greie". Intervju i forbindelse med Forum for Samtidshistories intervjuprosjekt og offentliggjøringen av politikerintervjuer i samarbeid med Riksarkivet. [Journal]. Aftenposten. Full text in Research Archive
• Ekberg, Espen & Lange, Even (2009). Mapping the growth of the Norwegian offshore shipping industry, 1970-2005. Full text in Research Archive
• Ekberg, Espen & Lange, Even (2009). The non-containerisation of the Norwegian fleet - why Norwegian ship-owners failed to take advantage of the container revolution. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even; Ekberg, Espen & Merok, Eivind (2006). A successful latecomer: Growth and transformation of the Norwegian consumer co-operatives 1920-2000. Full text in Research Archive
• Ekberg, Espen; Lange, Even & Vatnaland, Jon (2006). The Dynamics of Success and Failure: The Failed Expansions of the Norwegian Consumer Co-operatives 1990-2000. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even (2004). Historiske perspektiver på forbrukersamvirket. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even (2004). Building a "Scandinavian model"? Corporatism and cooperatives in post-war Norway. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even (2001). Eierskap og makt. Full text in Research Archive
• Lange, Even (1999). Regimeforståelse med slagside. Full text in Research Archive
• Ecklund, Gunhild & Lange, Even (2008). Creating a new role for an old central bank: The Bank of Norway 1945-1954. Handelshøyskolen BI. ISSN 9788270428168. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  How does a central bank respond when the political, economic and institutional preconditions underlying its authority and autonomy fundamentally change? When its role traditionally has been characterized by independence from the political authorities and the monetary policy has been based on flexible interest rates, situated in an international setting of free capital movements, what happens when the international payment system breaks down, the political and economic climate changes, and the general public cries for stronger political control not only of the central bank but of the economy in general – what does the central bank do? Contrary to what it may seem, the above questions are not generated from a future scenario for today’s ideal of central bank independence. Instead, they are based on a specific historical experience: the shift from central bank independence towards increased political control that took place after the breakdown of the Gold Standard system and the economic crises of the 1920s and 30s. Starting from curiosity as to why these changes took place and how one central bank – the Bank of Norway (BoN) – faced the new emerging ideals of increased political planning and control, this research project seeks to discuss how and why the Norwegian central bank found a new role after World War II. Inspired by the theoretical concepts of “boundary organizations”, which interprets central banks as agencies operating in the boundary between state, society and economy, and “embedded statism”, which brings focus to the international context in which national institutional changes take place, this thesis carries out an in-depth empirical examination of the extent and nature of the BoN’s participation in policy formulation and implementation from 1945-1954. The examination uncovers complex and partly conflicting responses from the central bank to the new expectations in its environment, shifting between opposition and compromise towards the political authorities, whereas the political authorities, for their part, also took a partly contradictory approach by, on the one hand, seeking to downgrade the central bank and, on the other, allowing it to influence policy-making. Contrasting the conventional view on the role of the BoN, this thesis suggests that the Bank obtained a more active and influential role than usually assumed and that the main elements of the its new autonomy and authority were clarified already during the first post-war decade. Rather than being reduced to a “cashier’s office” or directorate under the Ministry of Finance or replaced by the Banking Inspectorate as co-executor of monetary policy, the BoN survived as an autonomous legal entity and was reestablished as the main co-executor of monetary policy. Moreover, through a process of trial and error, the central bank governor, Gunnar Jahn, and his officials helped define the future policy instruments, both in terms of their nature (voluntary cooperation rather than statutory provisions) and the limitations of the BoN’s influence (the cheap money policy as an underlying precondition). The two main explanatory factors in this development appear to have been the ability of the BoN to participate in practical policy-making and the international context, which indirectly and directly influenced the Norwegian process.

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