Per Ditlef Fredriksen

• Siteleki, Mncedisi Jabulani & Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2024). Inequality or insecurity? the case of pre-colonial farming communities in southern Africa. Antiquity. ISSN 0003-598X. 98(397), s. 135–154. doi: 10.15184/aqy.2023.194. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Comparative studies of inequality based on archaeological data rely on universal notions of status or prestige that are not always meaningful across diverse cultural contexts. Here, the authors evaluate three broadly contemporaneous urban communities (Marothodi, Molokwane and Kaditshwene) in the southern African interior in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries AD. The study combines a statistical measure of inequality, the Gini coefficient, with insights from the rich ethnohistorical archives of African knowledge systems. The results suggest markedly different levels of inequality, but contextualisation points to divergent social strategies for settlement organisation and for managing sociopolitical insecurity. The findings raise important questions about cross-cultural indices of social inequality.

• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef Møller (2024). Africa, South: Ethnoarchaeology. I Rehren, Thilo & Nikita, Efthymia (Red.), Encyclopedia of Archaeology 2nd Edition. Academic Press. ISSN 9780323907996. s. 199–206. doi: https:/doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-90799-6.00023-9. Vis sammendrag

  This review of ethnoarchaeology in southern Africa focuses on the main developments of the subdiscipline in the two first decades of the 21st century and seeks to point out key directions for future research. A key question is why there has been a seemingly reluctant attitude toward ethnoarchaeology among practitioners in the region. The research status is viewed against its temporally deeper regional background and situated in the wider archaeological debates in and on Africa and beyond.

• Riede, Felix & Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2023). Archaeology in, of and for the Anthropocene. I Münster, Ursula; Eriksen, Thomas Hylland & Schroer, Sara Asu (Red.), Responding to the Anthropocene: Perspectives from Twelve Academic Disciplines. Scandinavian Academic Press. ISSN 978-82-304-0362-4. s. 197–222.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef & Lindahl, Anders (2023). What happened in the hinterland? A batch study of early bucket-shaped pots from the 4th and 5th centuries AD in Southwest Norway. Primitive tider. ISSN 1501-0430. s. 23–34. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Rogaland in southwest Norway was a core production area for bucket-shaped pottery throughout the ca. 200-year period spanned by these finds. Largely thanks to Elna Siv Kristoffersen's work we have a well-developed understanding of the final century of this characteristic Migration Period find: certain ceramic craft networks rose to prominence, culminating in workshop milieux intimately tied to the formation of central places like those in Jæren, Rogaland from around AD 450/60, eventually making bucket-shaped pots alongside Style I metalwork. This inventive cross-craft focus notwithstanding, we know less about the first century of production. A recent study suggests that the rise of the Jæren workshop milieux was concurrent with a gradual decline of the Augland ceramic workshop, related to the Oddernes elite milieu in Vest-Agder. Consequently, the areas around and between these two regional nodal points have come to be of particular interest. What happened to connectivity in this hinterland during the emergent first century of bucket-shaped ceramic production? This batch study identifies paste recipes and traces the movements of pots. Cognisant of the lack of comprehensive archaeometric studies, partly due to costs, we present a transferrable and relatively inexpensive approach that combines qualitative macroscopy with quantitative analysis of data from a handheld X-ray fluorescence (h-XRF) device.

• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef & Lindahl, Anders (2023). Making in turbulent times: New insights into late 18th- and early 19th-century ceramic crafts and connectivity in the Magaliesberg region. Southern African Humanities. ISSN 1681-5564. 36, s. 89–124. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Among Simon Hall’s influential contributions to historical archaeology are two research agendas: the need to focus attention on lower scalar levels of analysis, and broadening the concept of ceramic style to include less visible technological qualities. The latter is of particular importance to the stylistically bland and less decorated assemblages from the 18th and 19th centuries. Combining and developing the two agendas further, this article presents a new set of analyses of ceramic material from the stonewalled sites Marothodi and Lebenya in the Magaliesberg region, dating to the decades leading up to the difaqane in the 1820s. We explore households as flexible spaces for making, creativity and memory-work in turbulent times. The late 18th and early 19th centuries saw an accelerated development of pyrotechnologies such as metalworking and ceramics. This happened in tandem with significant changes to the built environment and spatial organisation of the household, which was the primary arena for craft learning. Frequent relocation and alteration of learning spaces put transmission and teacher–apprentice ties under serious strain. Seeking to trace connections across a complex and layered political landscape, we tentatively hypothesise that ceramic craftspeople became relatively less reliant on locally anchored insights and placed more emphasis on sharing knowledge and materials within extended craft-learning networks. The study includes a comparison of the results of petrographic and geochemical laboratory analyses with those from a handheld XRF device. Offering instant feedback while still in the field, such mobile tools can help in developing sampling strategies that also include a higher percentage of undecorated ceramic material.

• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2023). Ceramic Ethnoarchaeology in Africa: Status and Scope. I Aldenderfer, Mark (Red.), Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Anthropology. Oxford University Press. ISSN 9780190854584. Vis sammendrag

  Studies of social practices that include the making and use of ceramics constitute a significant part of the subfield of ethnoarchaeology. Pottery is still the archaeological artifact par excellence in many parts of the world, not least in Africa. Because of its omnipresence, pottery not only persists as a convenient way of dating but is also a frequently used point of entry to meaning in the archaeological record. Ethnoarchaeology gained momentum in the 1960s to improve reasoning and inference, by conducting studies of 21st-century practices viewed as providing analogical insights of value for archaeology. Needless to say, this studying of Others in the 21st century to understand Others in the past is a source of severe critique. However, since the late 1990s ethnoarchaeology has transcended the handmaiden role. The debates are not only critical but also vibrant and forward-looking. Key issues relate to ethics, the use and continued development of postcolonial critique, the archaeology of technology, and new forms of interdisciplinarity in the wake of increasing amounts of data coming from laboratory disciplines. The latter issue compels the question what a “slow” science field like ethnoarchaeology can and should offer, not least since there is a clear tendency for modeling and syntheses of past societal change to be constantly “lagging behind.” Viewing research within the field in Africa so far in the early 21st century against a geographically wider and temporally deeper backdrop, comprising key developments in the research field globally since the 1960s: what are its main contributions and challenges? What is the status in the early 21st century, and what can and should the near future hold?

• Rødsrud, Christian Løchsen & Fredriksen, Per Ditlef Møller (2023). Social dynamics at the Augland ceramic workshop: The introduction of soapstone paste recipes from the Roman Iron Age and early Migration Period in southernmost Norway. I Ødegaard, Marie Kjærnet & Ystgaard, Ingrid (Red.), Complexity and dynamics : Settlement and landscape from the Bronze Age to the Renaissance in the Nordic Countries (1700 BC–AD 1600). Sidestone Press. ISSN 9789464270426. s. 129–141. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  This article focuses on the transmission of technological knowledge and social change at Augland in southernmost Norway around AD 200–450/60. In the first 150 years of this period the Augland artisans produced a regionally standard and relatively “frozen” set of pottery shaped by coiling/roughout techniques and tempered with granites (known as the southern mode), while the final century was characterised by a dual production mode that also included the manufacture of the novel and regionally distinct bucket-shaped pottery (known as the western mode). The latter was made using a markedly different plate/ mould technique, eventually tempered with soapstone and asbestos. The social dynamics behind this technological change remain ambiguous, and the long-forgotten Augland site offers a unique opportunity in this regard, being the only known locality where soapstone tempering was incorporated into the southern mode. This study explores how and why the new material entered the production of the typical bucket-shaped type. At the same time, however, the evidence clearly indicates that potters experimented with soapstone for other ceramic pastes and shapes, even across crafts. We approach the material in four analytical stages: (1) analysis of raw material content; (2) evaluation of craft specialization; (3) fine-tuning the chronology for ceramic recipes; and (4) discussion of the social dynamics of knowledge transmission.

• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2023). Ceramics and Archaeology in Southern Africa. I Spear, Thomas (Red.), Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History. Oxford University Press. ISSN 9780190277734. doi: https:/doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.811. Vis sammendrag

  Pottery has been part of daily life in southern Africa for the last two millennia. The frequent occurrence at settlement sites and its resistance to decay makes pottery the most common proxy for past food-producing communities (farmers and livestock herders), who made containers for cooking, serving, and storing foods and liquids. Provided that pots and sherds have enough diagnostic features to indicate décor patterns and vessel shape, trained eyes can get an instant and literally cost-free peek into past movement and interaction. Various material sciences offer high-precision dating and insights into less visible characteristics, and ethnographic insights are helpful for understanding more intangible aspects, such as the organization of production, pots’ roles in social practices and belief systems, and the transmission of knowledge and skills through apprenticeship. Potting has been a highly gendered activity, and attention to social identity is instrumental in widening the range of lenses through which archaeologists view past material culture. In this manner, by focusing on skilled craft networks dominated by women, ceramic research can provide a critical corrective alternative to more traditional top-down narratives that trace the evolution and interaction of (male) elites. However, the European and North American legacy of archaeological classification in southern Africa cannot be overlooked. Ceramic classification may still unwillingly project a Western-centered understanding of the human condition, mobility, and social change. While unacceptable labels that refer to outmoded notions of tribalism have long been replaced by more neutral terms, this does not mean that ceramics provide archaeology with a neutral “tracking device.” A continual key challenge for practitioners in southern Africa is to situate ceramic analysis within a wider thematic and disciplinary nexus in order to construct convincing deep time narratives while also exploring new pathways to insights that can give voices to otherwise silent or subaltern members of past societies.

• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef & Bandama, Foreman (2021). Local craft knowledge and heritage-making in the aftermath of a capacity-building project in southern Africa: who are the locals? I Higgins, Valerie & Douglas, Diane (Red.), Communities and Cultural Heritage Global Issues, Local Values. Routledge. ISSN 978-0-367-46797-5. s. 78–90.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2020). Relocated: potting and translocality in terminal Iron Age towns and beyond. I Wingfield, Chris; Giblin, John & King, Rachel (Red.), The pasts and presence of art in South Africa. Technologies, ontologies and agents. McDonald Institute. ISSN 978-1-913344-01-6. s. 41–50. doi: https:/doi.org/10.17863/CAM.59959.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef; Rødsrud, Christian Løchsen & Caruso, Francesco (2020). What Happened at Augland? A Social Chronology for the Demise of a Roman Iron Age Ceramic Workshop in South Norway. Oxford Journal of Archaeology. ISSN 0262-5253. 39(4), s. 442–464. doi: 10.1111/ojoa.12204. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The unique ceramic production site at Augland in southernmost Norway thrived for more than 250 years until its demise in the troubled Migration Period. Contrary to previous opinions, we argue that production ended around AD 450–460 and not in the sixth century. Our approach, based on the craft practices, reveals that the introduction of a novel technology accelerated the process, fuelled by a regional power shift that severed once‐resilient ties to south Scandinavia. This outcome is based on the analysis of Augland’s terminal century: 1) re‐analysis of radiocarbon data; 2) ceramic macroscopy; and 3) fine‐sorting of pastes using handheld XRF data.

• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef & Kristoffersen, Siv (2020). A history in Prehistory: The Making of a Migration Period ‘Technology of Remembrance’ in South-West Norway. I Austvoll, Knut Ivar; Eriksen, Marianne Hem; Fredriksen, Per Ditlef; Melheim, Anne Lene; Prøsch-Danielsen, Lisbeth & Skogstrand, Lisbeth (Red.), Contrasts of the Nordic Bronze Age : Essays in honour of Christopher Prescott. Brepols. ISSN 9782503588773. s. 99–111. Vis sammendrag

  Finding resonance in Christopher Prescott's 'history in prehistory' perspective for the Bronze Age, we argue that a distinct ‘technology of remembrance’ developed during the Migration Period (MP, AD 400-550) in south-west Norway. During this period certain ceramic vessel types over time gained a unique value as grave containers. The troubled last decades of the MP marks the third and final phase for sophisticated crafts working with clay, metals and glass. Lingering as virtually the only ceramic type still in production in the 6th century, after two centuries of thriving progress and material experimentation, the production of bucket-shaped pottery collapsed immediately after its technological peak. Although largely concurrent with the recently much-debated AD 536-37 climatic ‘dust-veil’ event, the demise should be viewed against the background of processes and events in the foregoing centuries. In certain key respects they can be related back to incipient agropastoralists settling around Skagerrak. An important factor is the consistent use of bucket-shaped in MP burials, which has led to the contention that there may have been only one such vessel for each individual. When ceramic and metal crafts are viewed from an assemblage perspective and in connection with mortuary practices, applying a simple chaîne opératoire methodology, distinct patterns for handling bodies and grave objects emerge.

• Austvoll, Knut Ivar; Eriksen, Marianne Hem; Fredriksen, Per Ditlef; Melheim, Anne Lene; Prøsch-Danielsen, Lisbeth & Skogstrand, Lisbeth (2020). Contrasts of the Bronze Age : Time ritual and encounters in the Nordic world : An Introduction. I Austvoll, Knut Ivar; Eriksen, Marianne Hem; Fredriksen, Per Ditlef; Melheim, Anne Lene; Prøsch-Danielsen, Lisbeth & Skogstrand, Lisbeth (Red.), Contrasts of the Nordic Bronze Age : Essays in honour of Christopher Prescott. Brepols. ISSN 9782503588773. s. 15–25. Vis sammendrag

  This innovative volume draws on a range of materials and places to explore the disparate facets of Bronze Age society across the Nordic region through the key themes of time and trajectory, rituals and everyday life, and encounters and identities. The Bronze Age in Northern Europe was a place of diversity and contrast, an era that saw movements and changes not just of peoples, but of cultures, beliefs, and socio-political systems, and that led to the forging of ontological ideas materialized in landscapes, bodies, and technologies. Drawing on a range of materials and places, the innovative contributions gathered here in this volume explore the disparate facets of Bronze Age society across the Nordic region through the key themes of time and trajectory, rituals and everyday life, and encounters and identities. The contributions explore how and why society evolved over time, from the changing nature of sea travel to new technologies in house building, and from advances in lithic production to evolving burial practices and beliefs in the afterlife. This edited collection honours the ground-breaking research of Professor Christopher Prescott, an outstanding figure in the study of the Bronze Age north, and it takes as its inspiration the diversity, interdisciplinarity, and vitality of his own research in order to make a major new contribution to the field, and to shed new light on a Bronze Age full of contrasts and connections.

• Dyvart, Katrine Furu; Sealy, Judith & Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2018). Osteological and stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) analysis of faunal remains from Khami, Zimbabwe. Azania. ISSN 0067-270X. 53(4), s. 507–527. doi: 10.1080/0067270X.2018.1540215. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  This paper presents distribution patterns and stable carbon and nitrogen isotope measurements of recently excavated faunal remains from two middens at Khami, a UNESCO World Heritage site in Zimbabwe. The middens are dated to c. AD 1475–1650. The results of the analysis indicate that food practices may have differed between high- and low-lying areas of the site, as reflected in the two excavated contexts studied here. δ13C values of serial samples of tooth dentine show that cattle and wild grazers consumed C4 grasses year-round. The availability of rich natural grazing would have been a considerable attraction to the builders of the site.

• Chirikure, Shadreck; Fredriksen, Per Ditlef & Manyanga, Munyaradzi (2018). Adaptation, craftscapes and knowledge networks: introductory remarks on historical ecology and state formation in southern Africa. Azania. ISSN 0067-270X. 53(4), s. 425–438. doi: 10.1080/0067270X.2018.1533696. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2018). When Bad Places Turn Worse: The Necropolitics of Death Sites in Northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. I Seebach, Sophie & Willerslev, Rane (Red.), Mirrors of Passing. Unlocking the Mysteries of Death, Materiality, and Time. Berghahn Books. ISSN 978-1-78533-908-0. s. 74–89. doi: 10.2307/j.ctvw04cz9.8.
• Sontum, Kaja Hannedatter & Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2017). When The Past is slipping. Value tensions and responses by heritage management to demographic changes: a case study from Oslo, Norway. International Journal of Heritage Studies (IJHS). ISSN 1352-7258. 24(4), s. 406–420. doi: 10.1080/13527258.2017.1378907. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ashley, Ceri; Antonites, Alexander & Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2016). Mobility and African archaeology: An Introduction. Azania. ISSN 0067-270X. 51(4), s. 417–434. doi: 10.1080/0067270X.2016.1233766.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef & Bandama, Foreman (2016). The mobility of memory: space/knowledge dynamics in rural potting workshops in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Azania. ISSN 0067-270X. 51(4), s. 489–506. doi: 10.1080/0067270X.2016.1220056.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2016). Untimely Death and Spirit Mobility in a Southern African Border Zone. I Bjerregaard, Peter; Rasmussen, Anders Emil & Sørensen, Tim Flohr (Red.), Materialities of Passing: Explorations in Transformation, Transition and Transience. Routledge. ISSN 978-1-4724-5791-2. s. 147–165.
• Zimmermann, Udo; Kristoffersen, Siv; Fredriksen, Per Ditlef; Bertolino, Silvana; Andò, Sergio & Bersani, Danilo (2016). Provenance and composition of unusually chrome and nickel-rich bucket-shaped pottery from Rogaland (southwestern Norway). Sedimentary Geology. ISSN 0037-0738. 336, s. 183–196. doi: 10.1016/j.sedgeo.2015.09.001.

Se alle arbeider i Cristin

• Austvoll, Knut Ivar; Eriksen, Marianne Hem; Fredriksen, Per Ditlef; Melheim, Anne Lene; Prøsch-Danielsen, Lisbeth & Skogstrand, Lisbeth (2020). Contrasts of the Nordic Bronze Age : Essays in honour of Christopher Prescott. Brepols. ISBN 9782503588773. 282 s. Vis sammendrag

  This innovative volume draws on a range of materials and places to explore the disparate facets of Bronze Age society across the Nordic region through the key themes of time and trajectory, rituals and everyday life, and encounters and identities. The Bronze Age in Northern Europe was a place of diversity and contrast, an era that saw movements and changes not just of peoples, but of cultures, beliefs, and socio-political systems, and that led to the forging of ontological ideas materialized in landscapes, bodies, and technologies. Drawing on a range of materials and places, the innovative contributions gathered here in this volume explore the disparate facets of Bronze Age society across the Nordic region through the key themes of time and trajectory, rituals and everyday life, and encounters and identities. The contributions explore how and why society evolved over time, from the changing nature of sea travel to new technologies in house building, and from advances in lithic production to evolving burial practices and beliefs in the afterlife. This edited collection honours the ground-breaking research of Professor Christopher Prescott, an outstanding figure in the study of the Bronze Age north, and it takes as its inspiration the diversity, interdisciplinarity, and vitality of his own research in order to make a major new contribution to the field, and to shed new light on a Bronze Age full of contrasts and connections.

Se alle arbeider i Cristin

• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2024). ARCREATE. Å samskape nye forteljingar om handverk, kunst og kreativ kunnskap.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2023). Midway seminar: Emerging technology in traditional craft. Towards sustainable practice.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef & Lindahl, Anders (2023). What happened in the hinterland? A batch study of early bucket-shaped pots from the 4th and 5th centuries AD in Southwest Norway. Vis sammendrag

  Rogaland in Southwest Norway was a core production area for bucket-shaped pottery throughout its era of around 200 years. Recent work by Elna Siv Kristoffersen, Bente Magnus and colleagues have provided a well-developed understanding of the final century of this Migration Period Leitfossil: certain ceramic craft networks rose to prominence, culminating in workshop milieux intimately tied to the formation of central places like those in Jæren, Rogaland from around AD 450/60, eventually making bucket-shaped alongside Style I metalwork. Notwithstanding this inventive cross-craft focus, however, we know less about the first century of production. A recent study of the Augland ceramic workshop suggests that the rise of the Jæren workshop milieux was concurrent with a gradual decline of production at Augland, which was related to the Oddernes elite milieu in Agder. Consequently, the areas around and between these two regional nodal points become of particular interest. What happened to connectivity in this hinterland during the emergent first century of bucket-shaped? This batch study identifies paste recipes and traces the movements of pots. Cognisant of the lack of comprehensive archaeometric studies, partly due to costs, this paper presents a transferrable and relatively inexpensive approach that combines qualitative macroscopy with quantitative analysis of data from a handheld X-ray Fluorescence (h-XRF) device.

• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2023). Medicine bottle(s), Pongola, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2023). Uproot recipes: An archaeology of creative knowledge and memory-making in southern Africa. Vis sammendrag

  What happens to the knowledge of craftspeople and their daily material practices in the aftermath of disruption and uproot? Using a temporally layered approach, this paper draws on three examples of problem-solving in the aftermath of involuntary relocation in southern Africa. Contexts of turbulence, stress and extraordinary mobility, in which violent factors set people, objects and materials in motion, often cause challenges to artisans’ work – and may result in disruption or even discontinuation. However, craftspeople also tend to find creative means to express resistance or connectivity. A combination of contemporary and deeper-time cases offers several lenses through which to view ways of engaging with new materials, knowledges and networks. I outline an approach to technological knowledge and skills that centres on the creativity of ceramic learning networks, the vulnerability of homes and households as arenas for knowledge transmission, and craftwork as memory-making.

• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2023). Refleksjonar over Lines Made By Walking.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2023). Panelsamtale: Barn og unge i utdanning, arbeidsliv og samfunnsliv.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef Møller (2023). Book Review: Assembling Archaeology. Teaching, Practice, and Research. Norwegian Archaeological Review. ISSN 0029-3652. doi: 10.1080/00293652.2023.2173085.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2022). Katalogtekst: Om Persepsjon 22.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2022). Uproot recipes: An archaeological approach to creative knowledge and memory-making in turbulent times. Vis sammendrag

  Korleis handterer handverkarar bråe endringar og forflyttingar? Kva skjer med all deira opparbeida kunnskap og etablerte praksis etter slike store hendingar? Korleis løyser dei utfordringa med å måtte bryte opp frå alt kjent og kjært, og korleis etablerer dei seg på nytt og held ved like kontaktar med det dei har lagt bak seg? I dette føredraget søkjer eg svar – og ønsker innspel frå publikum – på desse spørsmåla ved å vise til ein serie etnografiske og arkeologiske eksempel eg sjølv har jobba med. Eksempla er henta frå to nye forskingsprosjekt: ARCREATE. An Archaeology of Creative Knowledge in Turbulent Times i det sørlege Afrika og Augland Fingerprints – Tracing the Materials, Knowledge and Networks of Lost Iron Age Crafts in Scandinavia.

• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2022). Uproot recipes: An archaeological approach to creative knowledge and memory-making.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2022). Panelsamtale om praksis og arbeidslivserfaring.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2022). Kunstnersamtale Persepsjon 22.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2022). Om persepsjon.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2022). Learning about materials. Dialogical approaches to archaeological research.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2022). Remembering by making: An archaeological approach to creative knowledge after uproot and expulsion. Vis sammendrag

  What happens to the creative knowledge and daily practices of material culture in the aftermath of expulsion? To what extent do contexts of turbulence, stress and extraordinary mobility, in which violent social factors set people, knowledges, objects and materials in motion, challenge or nourish artisans’ creativity and connectivity? Seeking to answer these questions through a temporally layered approach, this paper draws on ethnographic and archaeological examples of practical problem-solving in the aftermath of involuntary uproot and relocation in South Africa and Zimbabwe. The combination of contemporary and deeper-time cases offers several lenses through which to view ways of knowing and engaging with new social and material landscapes after arrival in a new political environment. This focus brings together two knowledge domains that are often kept separate: artisans’ intimate engagements with their surroundings and the social and political relevance of ancestral spirits. By these empirical and theoretical means, I outline an archaeological approach to knowledge that centres on the creativity of ceramic learning networks, the vulnerability of homes and households as arenas for knowledge transmission, and craftwork as memory-making.

• Sontum, Kaja Hannedatter; Jammeh, Haddy; Khalid, Sarah; Gamal, Omar Samy & Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2022). Hvem bestemmer hva som er vår kulturarv?
• Lane, Paul J.; Graham, Angus; Dann, Rachael & Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2022). Introduction to the workshop.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2022). In the silent aftermath. An archaeology of creative knowledge after disruption. Vis sammendrag

  What happens to learning and transmission of practical knowledge in a community after a disruptive event or intervention? This paper explores three cases in southern Africa where external involvements or accidents have become catalysts for local problem-solving, invention and new forms of knowledge. Commonly, the aftermath is characterized by renewed engagements with earth materials, ‘activation’ of certain places of importance, and local dissonance about issues related to heritage and the past. Two of the cases relate to new ways of handling materials after the introduction of new technology by well-meant external initiatives, in order to build and strengthen local capacity. The third follows the aftermath of untimely death, specifically the employment of certain forms of material culture to prevent future temporal voids and sense of nothingness. Developing a contemporary archaeology approach, I explore homes as itinerant and flexible spaces for making, creativity and memory-work after events causing disruption and turbulence. I relate to current calls for knowledge that challenges preconceived notions about mobility, interaction and transmission of skills. The view of households as mobile workshops, as ‘laboratories’ for creative experimentation, provides a departure point from which to critically question the ontological anchoring of our engagements with household materiality. In this manner, the case studies will be related to a wider discussion of micropolitics of knowledge among archaeologists, anthropologists, historians and linguists.

• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2021). Om årets utstilling: arkeologen møter kunsthandverkarane.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2021). Wayfaring with the materials. I Husvik-Olaussen, Gunhild Mathea (Red.), Norske Kunsthåndverkere Årsutstilling 2021. Norske Kunsthåndverkere. ISSN 978-82-93400-09-7. s. 131–134.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2021). På vandring med materiala. I Husvik-Olaussen, Gunhild Mathea (Red.), Norske Kunsthåndverkere Årsutstilling 2021. Norske Kunsthåndverkere. ISSN 978-82-93400-09-7. s. 123–126.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2021). Africanising African Archaeology. SAfA Plenary Session.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2021). On ethnography and ethnoarchaeology.
• Petursdottir, Thora; Riede, Felix & Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2021). Welcome to the New Environmental Archaeologies seminar series.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2020). End seminar PhD: "Swahili Social Landscapes".
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2020). Sluttseminar PhD-avhandling: "Mechanism of Security".
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2020). Mat og miljø i jernalderen.
• Haugsbø, Håkon & Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2020). Desse dagar: Klimaendringar og migrasjon. [Radio]. NRK P2. Vis sammendrag

  Klimaendringane vil føra til store folkevandringar framover. Korleis skal Europa handtera DEN migrantstraumen? Dette er blant spørsmåla som blir stilt i denne vekas utgåve av Desse dagar med Håkon Haugsbø på NRK P2.

• Brenna, Anders; Lund, Ellen Cathrine; Fredriksen, Per Ditlef & Collet, Dominik (2020). Past climate change (fortidens klimaendringer). [Internett]. norgeshistorie.no, podkast.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef & Rødsrud, Christian Løchsen (2019). Augland - en tragedie i tre akter? Og litt om keramikken fra Dilling.
• Nygård, Morten & Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2019). Arkeologen som stiller dei store spørsmåla. [Avis]. Grenda.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2019). The end of prehistory: Urbanism and mobility in southern Africa, c. AD 1700–1850. Vis sammendrag

  The terminal centuries of the Iron Age in the southern African interior saw an accelerated development of technologies and urban architecture. This talk gives an archaeological account of making, creativity, memory-work and the role of crafts in connecting people and places in a time of turbulence and high mobility.

• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2019). Material culture and translocality in the terminal Iron Age in southern Africa.
• Lane, Paul J.; Graham, Angus; Dann, Rachael & Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2019). Introduction.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2019). Material culture and translocality. The terminal Iron Age in southern Africa.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2019). Relocated: people, materials and knowledges in motion in southern Africa.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2019). The mobile workshop. Households as arenas for creativity and memory-work in the turbulent terminal Iron Age in southern Africa.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef & Babalola, Abidemi Babatunde (2018). Archaeology and deep histories of science and technology in Africa.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef & Babalola, Abidemi Babatunde (2018). Archaeology as a method for doing African Studies.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2018). Heritage in Motion. People, Things and Materials in New Places.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2018). Who are the locals? Local craft knowledge and heritage-making in the aftermath of a capacity-building project in southern Africa.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2018). Mobility in historical and contemporary archaeology in southern Africa.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef & Kristoffersen, Siv (2018). The making of a terminal Migration Period ‘technology of remembrance’ in SW Norway.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2018). Why did one collapse and the other not? Comparing technologies in turbulent Iron Age phases in southern Africa and Scandinavia.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2018). Time and necropolitics: heritage-making in contemporary southern Africa.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2017). Historical Ecology and State Formation in the Shashi-Limpopo Region of Southern Africa: A Cross-Disciplinary Approach.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2017). Hva gjør teknologisk utvikling med kunnskap om fortida?
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef; Bjerregaard, Peter & Schüssler, Alexandra (2017). On Letting Go / Om å gi slipp.
• Jacobsen, Erik & Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2017). Kulturreportasjen Kunst: Kopernikus møter kunsten. [Radio]. NRK P2.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2017). An archaeologist meets a moon crater soup plate.
• Nyamushosho, Robert Tendai; Chirikure, Shadreck & Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2017). From Mapela to Mananzve: Archaeological survey in the Shashi Region, Southwestern Zimbabwe.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2017). Relocated: Ceramic knowledge in motion in terminal Iron Age towns and beyond.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2017). Historical ecology and state formations in southern Africa.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2017). Djup tid, samtid, framtid: Ei arkeologisk synfaring av grenselandet. Vis sammendrag

  Arkeologi er nok ikkje det systerfaget som ligg aller fremst i det tverrvitskaplege medvitet til dei fleste sosialantropologar. Men det stiller seg annleis den andre vegen for svært mange arkeologar. Sistnemnte er uløyseleg knytt til det antropologiske prosjektet i sin vidaste og mest inkluderande forstand; som utforsking av menneskelege eksistensbetingelsar og alltid pågåande engasjement med omgjevnadane. Den opplevde distansen mellom dei to faga er nok også eit høgst kontekstuelt betinga fenomen, for ikkje å seie eit lokalt problem. Mange stader elles i verda går samarbeidet føre seg saumlaust og på dagleg basis. Sjølv om det til tider er for lite samkvem og for mange strukturelle skjær i sjøen er det få, om nokon, arkeologiske debattar som ikkje på ein eller annan måte inkluderer bruk av, eller kritisk refleksjon over, sosialantropologisk innsikt. Spesielt tett er arkeologiens forhold til etnografi. Dette som metodisk tilnærming, som kjelde til tolkingsinspirasjon og som trope for kritisk sjølvstudium. Som den disiplinen som eigentleg aldri vendte seg bort frå det fysiske, substansielle og materielle, kan arkeologi mellom anna bringe inn diakron forståing og kritiske, gjennomtenkte tilnærmingar til temporalitet til framtidig samarbeid og diskusjon om materielle spor. Arkeologi står også strategisk plassert i eit tverrvitskapleg neksus som kan gje grobotn for interessant vidareutvikling av begge disiplinar, ikkje minst i kraft av sine nære band til fleire ulike naturvitskapar. Ved å dra veksel på eigne erfaringar frå forskingsprosjekt i det sørlege Afrika og Skandinavia, og etter å ha hatt det overordna ansvaret for arkeologiutdanninga ved UiO dei siste fire åra, vil eg presentere ei arkeologisk synfaring av mulighetar for metodisk, teoretisk og tematisk samarbeid som utgår frå felles interesser for materielle spor: i djup tid, i nyleg fortid, i samtid og i tenkeleg framtid.

• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef; House, Michelle; Nyamushosho, Robert Tendai & Dyvart, Katrine Furu (2017). Historical Ecology and State Formation: Project Status and Future Prospects.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2016). Introduksjon og opning av konferansen.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2016). Introduction to the PULA workshop.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2016). Memory, space/knowledge tensions and the necropolitics of contemporary pasts in southern Africa.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2016). Clay on display: potting as performance in terminal Iron Age towns and beyond.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2016). By a street robot in South Africa.
• Sontum, Kaja Hannedatter & Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2016). Tensions Between Unity and Diversity: Responses by Norwegian Heritage Management to Challenges of Globalization and Demographic Changes.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2016). The necropolitics of contemporary pasts in southern Africa.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2016). Ethnographic research and Iron Age ceramics in southern Africa: Technology, spatiality and style.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2016). Experimentation, innovative acceleration and collapse: the case of ceramic technology in Iron Age western Scandinavia, c. AD 200-550.
• Kristoffersen, Elna Siv & Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2016). Migration Period Graves in Southern and Western Norway, AD 400-550.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2015). Mannen med skjeggstubbane - eller...? Norgeshistorie.no.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2015). Grunnlaget for vikingtida. Norgeshistorie.no.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2015). Hundre års tystnad. Norgeshistorie.no.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2015). Kvar vart alle gravene av? Norgeshistorie.no.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2015). Kongelege alliansar. Norgeshistorie.no.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2015). Makt på færre hender. Norgeshistorie.no.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2015). Frå alliansar med ringsverd til kongemakt. Norgeshistorie.no.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2015). Politisk makt samlar seg. Norgeshistorie.no.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2015). Runene i den tomme grava. Norgeshistorie.no.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef (2015). Utviklinga av det havgåande seglskipet. Norgeshistorie.no.
• Rider, Sharon; Bränström-Öhman, Annelie; Fredriksen, Per Ditlef; Gregersen, Frans; Kondrup, Johnny & Skoie, Mathilde (2019). Research Evaluation for Development 2019. Expert Panel Report for the Faculty of Arts, University of Gothenburg. Göteborgs Universitet.
• Fredriksen, Per Ditlef; Gabrielsen, Vincent & Solli, Brit (2019). Research Evaluation for Development RED 19: Expert Panel Report - Dep. of Historical Studies, Göteborgs Universitet. Göteborgs Universitet.

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