Ljiljana Saric

• Saric, Ljiljana (2021). Metaphor and National Identity. Alternative Conceptualization of the Treaty of Trianon. Metaphor and the Social World.  ISSN 2210-4070.
• Saric, Ljiljana (2021). Prepositions. Encyclopedia of Slavic Languages and Linguistics.  ISSN 2589-6229.
• Saric, Ljiljana (2021). Secondary predicates. Encyclopedia of Slavic Languages and Linguistics.  ISSN 2589-6229.
• Saric, Ljiljana & Nedelcheva, Svetlana (2021). The semantic profile of the verbal prefix do- in Bulgarian and Croatian. Словѣне.  ISSN 2304-0785.
• Saric, Ljiljana & Nedelcheva, Svetlana (2021). Translating deictic motion verbs among Bulgarian, Croatian and Serbian: a corpus-based study. The Russian Journal of Linguistics.  ISSN 2312-9182.
• Felberg Radanovic, Tatjana & Saric, Ljiljana (2020). Chocolate, identity and extreme speech online: An analysis of linguistic means in online comments in Croatia and Serbia. FLEKS - Scandinavian Journal of Intercultural Theory and practice.  ISSN 1894-5988.  7(1) Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  In this article the phrase “extreme speech” is used to encompass both hate speech and impoliteness. Legislation against hate speech has been passed in many countries, while work on defining phenomena related to hate speech is still ongoing. As a rule, there is no legislation prohibiting impoliteness, and thus impoliteness is often perceived as a less serious verbal offence. There is, however, a grey zone between the two phenomena, which depends on contextual factors that must be constantly explored. In this article, we explore the gray zone between hate speech and impoliteness by looking at user-generated posts commenting on seemingly uncontroversial topics such as giving chocolate to children. The context we explore is the political relationship between Croatia and Serbia, two neighboring countries in the southwest Balkans with a history of recent military conflicts that ended in 1995. The relationship between these two countries can still be described as periodically troubled. The comments we analyze were posted on two online newspapers, the Croatian Jutarnji list and the Serbian Večernje novosti. Using impoliteness theory and Critical Discourse Analysis framework we identify and analyze various linguistic means that serve as extreme speech triggers, connect them to relevant contexts and highlight the grey zone that exist between hate speech and impoliteness. Our findings show that, in their discussions, the posters used a number of linguistic means for constructing national identities that at times resulted in extreme speech. The posters often targeted individual co-posters first and very quickly moved on to target ethnic groups, thus fluctuating between impoliteness and hate speech.

• Saric, Ljiljana (2020). Metaphorical conceptualization of hope (nada) in Croatian: A corpus-based study. Современа филологија.  ISSN 2545-4765.  3(2), s 7- 27 . doi: 10.37834/JCP202007sh Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  This study examines the role of metaphor in the conceptualization of hope (nada) in the Croatian corpus hrWaC. Employing “metaphorical pattern analysis” (Stefanowitsch, 2006), I analyze metaphorical patterns with the target-domain word nada ‘hope’. These patterns were extracted from a random sample of 1000 citations and additional citations retrieved based on the collocation candidates’ list. The analysis shows that the conceptualization of hope in Croatian relates to approximately fifty metaphorical source domains. The most frequently utilized are object, container, and companion, which apply to many other emotions, dispositions, and states. The study builds on relevant research questions and findings on the conceptual representation of emotions and metaphors structuring emotions within cognitive linguistic research. It offers a basis for future qualitative studies about hope as a universal and culture-specific concept.

• Saric, Ljiljana (2019). How to do things with metaphors: The prison of nations metaphor in South Slavic online sources, In Ljiljana Saric & Mateusz-Milan Stanojevic (ed.),  Metaphor, Nation and Discourse.  John Benjamins Publishing Company.  ISBN 9789027202499.  Chapter 11.  s 287 - 319
• Saric, Ljiljana (2019). Pristup metafori u kognitivnoj lingvistici, I: Lana Molvarec & Tatjana Piskovic (red.),  Metafore u hrvatskome jeziku, književnosti i kulturi. Zbornik radova 47. seminara Zagrebačke slavističke škole.  FF press, Filozofski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu.  ISBN 9789531757843.  10.  s 231 - 247
• Saric, Ljiljana (2019). Visual Presentation of Refugees During the “Refugee Crisis” of 2015–2016 on the Online Portal of the Croatian Public Broadcaster. International Journal of Communication.  ISSN 1932-8036.  13, s 991- 1015 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  This article examines the visual representation of refugees on the Croatian public broadcaster’s (HRT) online portal during the so-called European refugee crisis in 2015 and 2016. A content analysis of 887 images is linked to the main research question of how refugees were represented and what this means for framing the refugee situation. I examine how the visual presentation of refugees relates to the dominant discourses on migration: discourses of victimhood or threat. The analysis concentrates on both the macro and micro levels following some assumptions of social semiotics, as well as research in psychology, media, and migration studies. The study finds that the visual presentation is strongly linked to the local context. The humanitarian approach and the visibilities of biological life and empathy were most prominent. Keywords: visual representation, refugee crisis, Croatian public broadcaster’s online portal

• Saric, Ljiljana & Felberg Radanovic, Tatjana (2019). Representations of the 2015/2016 “migrant crisis” on the online portals of Croatian and Serbian public broadcasters, In Lorella Viola & Andreas Musolff (ed.),  Migration and Media. Discourses about Identities in Crisis.  John Benjamins Publishing Company.  ISBN 9789027202475.  9.  s 203 - 238 Vis sammendrag

  This chapter investigates the verbal and visual representation of migration and migrants in Croatian and Serbian public broadcasters’ online portals during the “migrant crisis” in 2015/2016. The study shows that migrants are generally positively represented, which is congruent with the official policies of Croatia and Serbia. This positive representation was frequently used for positive self-evaluation of these countries’ influential social actors, and negative evaluation of neighboring countries. The chapter employs macro- and micro-linguistic analysis within the theoretical framework of critical discourse analysis and multimodal analysis.

• Saric, Ljiljana & Ristivojević-Rajković, Nataša (2019). From Heaven to Hell and Back: Representations of Scandinavia in South Slavic Online Sources, In Álvaro Llosa Sanz & Elizaveta Khachaturyan (ed.),  Scandinavia through Sunglasses: Spaces of Cultural Exchange between Southern/SouthEastern and Nordic Countries.  Peter Lang Publishing Group.  ISBN 978-3-631-79160-8.  Kapittel 11.  s 183 - 196
• Stanojevic, Mateusz-Milan & Saric, Ljiljana (2019). Metaphors in the discursive construction of nations, In Ljiljana Saric & Mateusz-Milan Stanojevic (ed.),  Metaphor, Nation and Discourse.  John Benjamins Publishing Company.  ISBN 9789027202499.  1.  s 1 - 32
• Alvestad, Silje Susanne & Saric, Ljiljana (2018). De-type discourse particles in Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian, and Turkish. Turcologica.  ISSN 0177-4743.  s 11- 31 . doi: 10.2307/j.ctvh4zh3p.7
• Horvat, Marijana & Saric, Ljiljana (2018). THE DATIVE IN CROATIAN ŠTOKAVIAN AND KAJKAVIAN GRAMMARS UP TO 1860. Rasprave Instituta za hrvatski jezik i jezikoslovlje.  ISSN 1331-6745.  44(133) . doi: 10.31724/rihjj.44.1.5 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Saric, Ljiljana (2018). Bliskoznačni prefigirani glagoli: konstrukcija značenja i scenariji, I: Mislav Kovacic & Petra Kosutar (red.),  Od dvojbe do razdvojbe. Zbornik radova u čast profesorici Branki Tafri.  Hrvatska sveucilisna naklada.  ISBN 9789537997335.  5. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Saric, Ljiljana & Demata, Massimiliano (2018). Discursive constructions of migrants. Verbal and visual images of "the other". I-LanD Journal - Identity, Language and Diversity.  ISSN 2532-6368.  s 3- 10
• Saric, Ljiljana & Nedelcheva, Svetlana (2018). The verbal prefix u- in Bulgarian and Croatian. Languages in Contrast: International Journal for Contrastive Linguistics.  ISSN 1387-6759.  18(2), s 252- 282 . doi: 10.1075/lic.16015.sar Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Vezovnik, Andreja & Saric, Ljiljana (2018). Subjectless images: visualization of migrants in Croatian and Slovenian public broadcasters’ online news. Social Semiotics.  ISSN 1035-0330. . doi: 10.1080/10350330.2018.1541117 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  This article explores how migrants were visually presented during the so-called migration crisis in southeast Europe in the fall of 2015. It considers photographs from two public broadcasters’ news portals: Slovenia's rtvslo.si and Croatia's hrt.hr. The focus is on a specific category of images we label subjectless images; that is, images visually representing migrants and migration that avoid showing migrants as subjects. In these images, subjects are substituted by objects that metaphorically, metonymically, or symbolically stand for migrants and migration. The article explores the ideological operation of subjectless images, which operates through the logic of substituting human subjects with metaphorical, metonymic, and symbolic objects. What is presented to viewers as a certain object's mimetic image is explored within the production of a specific narrative and signification.

• Felberg Radanovic, Tatjana & Saric, Ljiljana (2017). Interpreting impoliteness: Interpreters’ voices. FLEKS - Scandinavian Journal of Intercultural Theory and practice.  ISSN 1894-5988.  4(1), s 1- 17 . doi: 10.7577/fleks.2436 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Interpreters in the public sector in Norway interpret in a variety of institutional encounters, and the interpreters evaluate the majority of these encounters as polite. However, some encounters are evaluated as impolite, and they pose challenges when it comes to interpreting impoliteness. This issue raises the question of whether interpreters should take a stance on their own evaluation of impoliteness and whether they should interfere in communication. In order to find out more about how interpreters cope with this challenge, in 2014 a survey was sent to all interpreters registered in the Norwegian Register of Interpreters. The survey data were analyzed within the theoretical framework of impoliteness theory using the notion of moral order as an explanatory tool in a close reading of interpreters’ answers. The analysis shows that interpreters reported using a variety of strategies for interpreting impoliteness, including omissions and downtoning. However, the interpreters also gave examples of individual strategies for coping with impoliteness, such as interrupting and postponing interpreting. These strategies border behavioral strategies and conflict with the Norwegian ethical guidelines for interpreting. In light of the ethical guidelines and actual practice, mapping and discussing different strategies used by interpreters might heighten interpreters’ and interpreter-users’ awareness of the role impoliteness can play in institutional interpreter–mediated encounters.

• Saric, Ljiljana & Felberg Radanovic, Tatjana (2017). “Cyrillic Does Not Kill”: Symbols, Identity, and Memory in Croatian Public Discourse. Druzboslovne razprave.  ISSN 0352-3608.  85, s 51- 72 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  This article addresses identity construction through social symbolic meanings conveyed in discussions about scripts, primarily Cyrillic, in Croatian public discourse. We focus on discussions in various Croatian online sources from 2013 to 2015 centred on the topic of “Cyrillic as a symbol” and serving as an umbrella for discursive negotiations of (a) identity and belonging, (b) collective memory of the recent past, and (c) minority rights. The symbolic meanings of Cyrillic have been developed and utilized by politicians, professionals, various organizations, and ordinary people in various contexts and with various aims: from delegitimizing political actors and propagating hostility and reconciliation, to creating a “useful” past and consolidating collective identity.

• Saric, Ljiljana & Felberg Radanovic, Tatjana (2017). In Transit: Representations of Migration on the Balkan Route. Discourse Analysis of Croatian and Serbian Public Broadcasters (RTS and HRT Online). Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict.  ISSN 2213-1272.  5(2), s 227- 250 . doi: 10.1075/jlac.5.2.04fel Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Saric, Ljiljana & Felberg Radanovic, Tatjana (2017). Realizations and functions of impoliteness in discourse about language and identity in Croatian and Montenegrin media, In Anna Baczkowska (ed.),  Impoliteness in Media Discourse.  Peter Lang Publishing Group.  ISBN 9783631645109.  3. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Saric, Ljiljana & Luccarelli, Mark (2017). Guest editors' introduction: Symbols and symbolic meanings in constructions of nations and national identity. Druzboslovne razprave.  ISSN 0352-3608.  33(85), s 5- 12
• Baczkowska, Anna & Saric, Ljiljana (2016). Identity, impoliteness and integration in online immigration discourse. Linguistics Applied.  ISSN 1689-7765.  5 Vis sammendrag

  The paper presents an analysis of the language used on the Internet (social media) by Poles living in Norway. Emphasis is placed on identity construction, integration and impoliteness strategies. The material presented in this study was retrieved from a corpus which was collected in 2015-2016 as part of a project devoted to national identity in immigration discourse. The method of analysis presented in this paper follows Culpeper‟s (1996) taxonomy of impoliteness strategies. The data under inspection illustrate several types of positive and negative impoliteness. The results of the study demonstrate that the Polish diaspora in Norway is only partially integrated and that the language Poles use while writing both about the Norwegians and, in particular, about other Poles is imbued with insults, negative associations and derogatory nominations.

• Saric, Ljiljana (2016). The semantics of the verbal prefix o(b)- in Croatian, and challenges of a corpus-based study, In Pawel Bak & B. Rolek (ed.),  Wort zum Gebrauch.  Peter Lang Publishing Group.  ISBN 978-3-631-67424-6.  5.
• Saric, Ljiljana (2015). Metaphors in the Discourse of the National.. Druzboslovne razprave.  ISSN 0352-3608.
• Saric, Ljiljana & Felberg Radanovic, Tatjana (2015). Means of Expressing and Implying Emotions and Impoliteness in Croatian and Montenegrin Public Discourse. Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne.  ISSN 2084-3011.  (9), s 121- 146 . doi: 10.14746/pss.2015.9.8
• Saric, Ljiljana & Mikolic, Petra (2015). A SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF THE VERBAL PREFIX O(B)- IN CROATIAN.. Croatica et Slavica Iadertina.  ISSN 1845-6839. Vis sammendrag

  This article analyzes the verbal prefix o(b)- in Croatian from a cognitive linguistic perspective, focusing on how its apparently different meanings relate to each other, and extensions of its spatial meanings into non-spatial domains. The prototypical meaning of verbs prefixed with o(b)- involves a general notion of circular movement realized in concrete spatial realms: a trajector (TR) performs a circular movement around a landmark (LM). This spatial schema of circular movement can be illustrated by the motion verb optrčati ‘make a full circle by running around a certain area’. Our analysis aims to show that the central meaning, MOVE AROUND (AN OBJECT), has a special status in the meaning network because it directly or indirectly motivates all of the other meanings. We show that the various meanings of o(b)- verbs are not a random collection of unrelated senses, but form a semantic networks in which individual meanings emerge via metaphorical and metonymic extensions and relate to systematic and partially predictable applications of concrete spatial relations to abstract ideas.

• Saric, Ljiljana & Nedelcheva, Svetlana (2015). Glagolski prefiks o(B)- U hrvatskome i bugarskome: Semantička mreža i izazovi korpusno utemeljena istraživanja. Suvremena lingvistika.  ISSN 0586-0296.  41(80), s 149- 179
• Saric, Ljiljana & Nedelcheva, Svetlana (2015). The verbal prefix o(b)- in Croatian and Bulgarian: The semantic network and challenges of a corpus-based study.. Suvremena lingvistika.  ISSN 0586-0296.  80
• Vezovnik, Andreja & Saric, Ljiljana (2015). Introduction: Constructing Balkan identity in recent media discourses. Slavic Review: Interdisciplinary Quarterly of Russian, Eurasian, and East European Studies.  ISSN 0037-6779.  74(2), s 237- 243 . doi: 10.5612/slavicreview.74.2.237
• Saric, Ljiljana (2014). Discursive Presentations of Slovenia’s EU Council Presidency in Serbian, Croatian, and Macedonian Media. Media i Społeczeństwo.  ISSN 2083-5701.  (4), s 91- 116 Vis sammendrag

  This article examines the discursive presentation of Slovenia in Serbian, Croatian, and Macedonian media (mainly online editions of newspapers) from November 2007 to April 2008. The focus is placed on identity construction through self-positioning and other-positioning, and on applications of symbolic geography in media discussions of Slovenia’s rotating EU presidency. The article concentrates on how different national discourses respond to and interpret Slovenia’s self-positioning in the presidency’s program, and on the differences in how Slovenia’s former “Yugoslav brothers” position Slovenia. In examining Slovenia’s position in relation to the dichotomy of the Balkans versus Europe, emphasis is placed on changes in public discourse and the new identity parameters that emerge. The analysis explains the relation of the role(s) defined in Slovenia’s self-positioning in its presidency program and the role(s) ascribed to Slovenia in foreign discourses. Particular attention is paid to positioning as an identity-ascribing process as expressed in the headlines, kickers, and leads of the texts analyzed. Key words: Slovenian EU presidency, Serbian media, Croatian media, Macedonian media, identity construction, self-positioning, other-positioning, symbolic geography

• Saric, Ljiljana (2014). Metafora, diskurs i društvo [Metaphor, Discourse and Society], I: Mateusz-Milan Stanojević (red.),  Metafore koje istražujemo.  Central European University Press.  ISBN 978-953-7963-12-5.  5.  s 169 - 201
• Saric, Ljiljana (2014). Moving Into, Away, and Where Else? A Semantic Analysis of the Verbal Prefix u- in Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian. Slavic and East European Journal.  ISSN 0037-6752.  58(2), s 255- 279 . doi: 10.30851/58.2.004 Vis sammendrag

  In contemporary BCS, the prefix u- is a phonetic and semantic coalescence of two distinct spatial concepts: one relates to containment (Late Common Slavic *vъ) and the other one to movement away (Late Common Slavic *u). These concepts are realized, for instance, in uskočiti ‘jump into’ vs. uteći ‘run away’. Using a database of more than 1,100 u-verbs collected from various sources, this article examines how the two spatial schemas of u-, the ENTRY and the MOVE AWAY schema, relate to each other and how the concrete spatial meanings that these two schemas generate affect abstract meanings of the prefix. The analysis develops a semantic network of u-verbs based on the database showing that the two schemas underlie the semantic profile of all the u-verbs: both those with and those without any apparent spatial motivation. Furthermore, the analysis demonstrates that the two seemingly contrasting schemas show not only differences, but also similarities. Illustrating form-internal antonymy, ENTRY and MOVE AWAY can be understood as a unity at a more abstract level. Moreover, these schemas blend at the constructional level. Because ENTRY and MOVE AWAY provide a basis for similar metaphorical inferences, many verbs can semantically be linked to both: for instance, both spatial schemas provide the spatial motivation of u- as a perfectivizer because both the “path into” and “path away from” can transform into metaphorical goal attainment.

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• Saric, Ljiljana & Brala-Vukanovic, Marija (2019). Slike jezika: Temeljne kognitivnolingvističke teme. Naklada Jesenski i Turk.  ISBN 9789532228786.  310 s. Vis sammendrag

  U deset poglavlja ova knjiga približuje ključne teme suvremene kognitivne lingvistike, te nudi iscrpan prikaz kognitivnolingvističkih istraživanja u Hrvatskoj. Obrađene teme uključuju: konstruiranje značenja, kategorizaciju, metaforu, metonimiju, kao i teme kojima se pozornost počela pridavati tek posljednjih godina - primjerice, vizualnu metaforu. Knjiga je namijenjena studentima filoloških i komunikoloških usmjerenja, ali i širim krugovima čitatelja, odnosno svima onima koji se zanimaju za vezu jezika i mišljenja, te pitanje kako se u komunikaciji stvara značenje.

• Saric, Ljiljana & Stanojevic, Mateusz-Milan (ed.) (2019). Metaphor, Nation and Discourse. John Benjamins Publishing Company.  ISBN 9789027202499.  363 s.
• Saric, Ljiljana (2014). Prostor u jeziku i metafora. Kognitivnolingvističke studije o prefiksima i prijedlozima [Space in Language and Metaphor. Cognitive Linguistic Studies of Prefixes and Prepositions]. Naklada Jesenski i Turk.  ISBN 978-9-53-222726-0.  250 s. Vis sammendrag

  Knjiga Prostor u jeziku i metafora donosi neke rezultate autoričinih višegodišnjih istraživanja prostornih jedinica u slavenskim jezicima. Većina rasprava uključenih u knjigu nastala je u okviru međunarodnog projekta Space in South Slavic koji autorica vodi na Sveučilištu u Oslu. Knjiga odražava kognitivnolingvistički pristup jeziku koji jezik smatra dijelom ostalih spoznajnih sposobnosti, inzistira na povezanosti ljudskog uma, tijela i jezika, a posebnu pozornost pridaje prostornim jedinicama – prijedlozima, prefiksima i glagolima kretanja – koje zorno upućuju na kompleksnu vezu doživljavanja prostora i njegova jezičnog izraza. Pojedinačne analize u ovoj knjizi usredotočuju se na nekoliko prijedloga i prefiksa u hrvatskome jeziku, te na njihove konstrukcije u korpusima. Posebna se pozornost pridaje razradi značenjskih mreža za pojedinačne jedinice kojima je namjera pokazati povezanost konkretnih i apstraktnih značenja. U razradi značenjskih mreža posebno se fokusiraju metaforička proširenja prostornih značenja u neprostorne domene. Sadržaj knjige i njezin teorijski okvir od interesa su svima koji se zanimaju za semantičke teme i značenje u jeziku.

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• Saric, Ljiljana (2017). How to Do Things with Metaphors: The “Prison of Nations” Metaphor in South Slavic Online Sources.
• Saric, Ljiljana (2017). Impoliteness in Online Comments in Croatian and Serbian Newspapers.
• Saric, Ljiljana (2017). Jezik i prostor - komparativni i kontrastivni pristup glagolskim prefiksima.
• Saric, Ljiljana (2017). Visual Representations of Migrants during the so-called 2015 and 2016 Refugee Crisis: An Analysis of the Online Portals of Croatian and Serbian Public Broadcasters.
• Saric, Ljiljana & Felberg Radanovic, Tatjana (2017). Guest editors' introduction: Impoliteness in intercultural encounters. FLEKS - Scandinavian Journal of Intercultural Theory and practice.  ISSN 1894-5988.  4(1), s 1- 9
• Felberg Radanovic, Tatjana & Saric, Ljiljana (2016). Interpreters' perceptions of impoliteness in the public sector settings in Norway.
• Felberg Radanovic, Tatjana & Saric, Ljiljana (2016). Representations of Migration on the Balkan Route: Discourse Analysis of Croatian and Serbian Public Broadcasters (RTS and HRT Online).
• Alvestad, Silje Susanne; Saric, Ljiljana; Hauge, Kjetil Rå & Lazarova, Anna (2015). The particle "de" in Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian, Bulgarian, Modern Greek, and Turkish.
• Baczkowska, Anna & Saric, Ljiljana (2015). Niegrzeczność w komunikacji internetowej: dyskurs polskiej emigracji w Norwegii.
• Felberg Radanovic, Tatjana & Saric, Ljiljana (2015). Interpreters' and Interpreter-users perceptions of (im)politeness in instiutional encounters in the public sector in Norway.
• Saric, Ljiljana & Felberg Radanovic, Tatjana (2015). "Cyrillic Does not Kill", Symbols, Identity, and Othering in Croatian and Serbian Public Discourse.
• Saric, Ljiljana & Felberg Radanovic, Tatjana (2014). Impoliteness as a Strategy in Symbolic Identity-building in Croatia and Montenegro.

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